Old Mission Statement For Rowan University - 809 Words

Old Mission Statement for Rowan University: The intercollegiate athletic department strives to be one of the finest Division III programs in the country. By providing strong leadership and competitive experiences, students are afforded the opportunity to develop as a scholar, athlete and citizen. Through strong support services, students are challenged to succeed, inspired to achieve and instilled with a sense of pride and tradition in the college community. The Rowan ambition is knowledge through study, responsibility through service and character through challenge. The experiences of being a student-athlete at Rowan University allow students the opportunity to â€Å"live† the Rowan ambition. Our program incorporates academic excellence, national level competition and service to the community to provide an exceptional environment for achievement and fulfillment in a dynamic society. The service offered by the intercollegiate athletic department to the campus environment directly relates to the recruitment, retention an d graduation of students. In the area of recruitment, athletics actively recruits year round and entertains more potential students than any other department on campus. Retention and graduation are top priorities for our department. The graduation rate of student athletes is well above the national norm and the norm at Rowan University for all students. As one of the most outstanding programs in the country at the Division III level, the retention and successShow MoreRelatedEssay Calling and Charisma: The Life of Joan of Arc1324 Words   |  6 Pagesand Charisma: The Life and Mission of Joan of Arc Joan of Arc overcame incredible challenges in the name of God and her country. Her military prowess both frustrated the English and endeared her to the French people. 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Functional Perspective on Group Decision Making - 940 Words

FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON GROUP DECISION MAKING WHAT IS FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON GROUP DECISION-MAKING Functional Perspective on Group Decision-making is a theory developed by Randy Hirokawa and Dennis Gouran. Miller(2011) stated that both of them have an interest in small group communication, so they worked it put and produced this theory. They seek to understand how communication processes contribute to decision making and problem solving in groups. They come to a question, â€Å"Why do some groups make good decisions while others make bad ones?† The theorists assume that the group members of the group who cares about the issue are intelligent, and face a challenging task. They stressed that communication or the term they†¦show more content†¦Without such criteria, it is likely that the decision will be driven by politics rather than reason. 3. Identification of Alternatives Again, according to Griffin(2011), it is the generation of options to sufficiently solve the problem. The group members who set their their goal for the decision needs to think of ways to make and reach their goal as many as possible. 4. Evaluation of Positive and Negative Characteristics Last but not the least, according to Griffin(2011), in this function happens the testing of the relative merits of each option against the criteria selected. The group weighs the benefits and costs of the alternatives they have decided. Hirokawa notes that some group task have positive bias and negative bias. Positive bias is the spotting the favorable characteristics of alternative choices is more important than identifying negative qualities. In this aspect, the members uses easy but reasonable choices in order to meet their goal. Meanwhile, negative bias is the unattractive characteristics of candidates carry more weight that the positive the attributes. This aspect is the other way around, the decisions they have chosen were unattractive, or may call as difficult ones, but this choices weighs more and produces outcomes that reaches their goal compared to their positive attributes. THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN FULFILLING THE FUNCTIONS Communication or theShow MoreRelatedFunctional Perspective On Group Decision Making1259 Words   |  6 PagesFunctional Perspective on Group Decision Making is the communication theory by Randy Hirokawa and Dennis Gouran that focuses on the guidelines that groups of people should take to have an effective communication, to complete the task. 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Basic Law (Tort) Free Essays

string(290) " be considered to have a duty of care for the overall running of the construction process and all parties therefore involved, however again it can be reasonably expected that Kentcrete the local supplier would carry out there task of delivering the concrete in a legal and competent manor\." Building law and contract admin Assignment no 2 Tort Volenti non fit injuria Latin / voluntary assumption of risk. A defence in tort that means where a person engages in an event accepting and aware of the risks inherent in that event, then they can not later complain of, or seek compensation for an injury suffered during the event. This is used most often to defend against tort actions as a result of a sports injury Smith v Charles baker son 1891 Dulieu v White and son 1901 Herd v Weardale Steel and Coal 1914 Doctrine From the Latin word doctrina meaning â€Å"teachings. We will write a custom essay sample on Basic Law (Tort) or any similar topic only for you Order Now Something taught as a the principle or creed especially in religion. A rule or principle of law established through its repeated use. Doctrine of alternative danger The plaintiff is supposed to be careful in spite of the defendant’s negligence, there may be certain circumstances when the plaintiff is justified in taking some risk where some dangerous situation has been created by the defendant. The plaintiff might become perplexed or nervous by the dangerous situation and to save his person and property, or sometimes to save a third party from such danger, he may take an alternative risk.The law, therefore, permits the plaintiff to encounter an alternative danger to save himself from the danger created by the defendant. If the course adopted by him results in some harm to himself, his action against the defendant will not fail. The judgment of the plaintiff should not, however, be rash. The plaintiff is not only justified in taking risk for himself, he may take risks for others as well. Jones v Boyce 1816 Thin Skull Rule An additional exposure in tort liability towards persons who are particularly vulnerable or more fragile than the norm, who may have inherent weaknesses or a pre-existing vulnerability or condition.The tort-feasor takes his victim as he finds them he compensates for all damages he caused, even if damages are elevated compared to a norm because the plaintiff was thin skulled. The principle appears to have emanated from a 1901 English case, Dulieu v White and Sons, where it was stated â€Å"If a man is negligently run over or otherwise negligently injured in his body, it is no answer to the sufferer’s claim for damage that he would have suffered less injury, or no injury at all, if he had not had an unusually thin skull or an unusually weak heart. For example, if a person who has physical or psychological infirmities which extend, beyond a th e norm, his/her recovery from injuries resulting from another’s tort, the defendant’s damages are not discounted accordingly but, instead, are adjusted upwards to fit the â€Å"thin skulled† victim Dulieu v White and Sons 1901 Contributory Negligence The negligence of a person which, while not being the primary cause of a tort, nevertheless combined with the act or omission of the primary defendant to cause the tort, and without which the tort would not have occurred.Contributory negligence applies solely to the conduct of the claimant. It means that there has been some act or omission on the claimant’s part which has materially contributed to the damage caused and is of such a nature that it may properly be described as negligence. Froom v Butcher 1976 Nance v BC Electric Railway Co. 1951 Stinton v Stinton 1993 Res Ipsa Loquitur Latin / the thing speaks for itself Generally, in tort, the mere fact of an accident is not proof of negligence. But in some cases, negligence is presumed on the defendant since the object causing injury was in or under his or her control.This is the res ipsa loquitur doctrine. Res ipsa loquitur is a rebuttable presumption rebutted by showing that the event was an inevitable accident and had nothing to do with the defendant’s responsibility of control or supervision. Examples of res ipsa loquitur, not all of which can be assumed to apply today which illustrate the doctrine. Getting hit by a rock which flies off a passing dump truck. A ship in motion collides with an anchored ship. Damages occasioned by the collision of two trains of a same railway. Devine v Colville’s ltd 1969Royal bank of Scotland v Etridge 2001 Donohue v Stevenson 1931 Question 2 i. Which parties may be liable for the injury and losses suffered Introduction To deal with the liabilities of this case I feel it would be poignant to break the case down and investigate each individual parties involvement and therefore liability. List of parties possibly involved West Kent collage Buildright Ltd Kentcrete Ltd Driver 1 ( using the designated entrance) Driver 2 (using the staff and student entrance) Driver 3 (driver of the car)Student 1 (the driver of the car) Student 2 (student that was hit by the car) Student 3 (who was sick due to the accident) Air ambulance service Hospital West Kent collage West Kent collage had appointed a competent contractor to legally carry out the construction of the new building and would not seam to be directly inv olved in the accident, Although they do have a reasonability of care to there students. The students involved were in areas that were designated for there use, and therefore not acting illegally or with negligence.The fact that student 1 was in the driver seat in the car would imply that the car was, just stationary, and not parked illegally. Due to the collage being â€Å" to far away† or â€Å"not directly involved† the collage in my opinion would not be liable in any way Buildright Ltd As with the West Kent collages involvement build right Ltd would be considered to have a duty of care for the overall running of the construction process and all parties therefore involved, however again it can be reasonably expected that Kentcrete the local supplier would carry out there task of delivering the concrete in a legal and competent manor. You read "Basic Law (Tort)" in category "Law"Therefore no liability for the accident would be upheld. Kentcrete Ltd Kentcrete would be considered to have a direct or primary reasonability for the actions of its employees under the law of vicarious liability. Employers are vicariously liable for the torts of their employees that are committed during the course of employment. they could therefore be held responsible for driver 1 and driver 2’s actions. Driver 1 using the correct entrance, and having no problems can be exonerated from any responsibility.Driver 2’s action of using the wrong entrance and then crashing into the car would therefore make kentcrete liable under the rules of vicarious liability. Driver no 1 (using the designated entrance) Although the driver may have been â€Å"keen to deliver†, he/she used the correct entrance, had no accident, and would therefore not be held reasonable in any way. Driver no 2 ( using the student and staff entrance) This driver would be considered to have committed a tort or â€Å"wrong† by intentionally using the wrong entrance, or at least being negligent by not using the designated one.He/ she would be considered to be liable of negligence as it would be reasonable to expect the driver to use the correct entrance. He / She could also be held reasonable for the injuries to student no 2 as being a direct cause by hitting the car. Student no 1 (the driver of the car) Student no 1 could not be held responsible for the injuries to student no 2 He/She had not committed a tort, and was not a employee of the companies involved, it would not be reasonable to expect student no1 to be able to foresee the actions of Driver no 2.Theref ore no liability would be upheld for the injuries caused to student no 2. He / She would not be guilty of trespass to the person as there was no attempt or offer to apply unlawful force nor was there any intention to bring a an object, the car, into contact with a person. Student no 2 / Student no 3 Both theses students would not be held responsible as no tort, negligence, or trespass to the person has been committed and neither would be liable. Air ambulance services and the hospitalNeither could be held responsible for the events that took place before they arrived, however there may be a case for negligence due to the delay that took place in treating the arrival of Student no 2. The 20 minute delay due to an admissive mistake may have been considered a breech in duty of care and therefore negligent. We would then need to approach the subject of whether the death of student no 2 was a direct result of the delay. Ii . What defences may be available to those potentially liable to avoid or reduce liabilityKentcrete Ltd could argue that the main contractor Buildright Ltd hade not made them aware of the conditions of site and that there was a specific entrance that was to be used, If this were the case it may be that build right could be held partially reasonable as The negligence of the claimant which, while not being the primary cause of a tort, nevertheless combined with the act or omission of the defendant to cause the tort, and without which the tort would not have occurred IE if build right had told kentcrete that there was a specific entrance then the driver would have used it, therefore they contributed to the tort and could be held responsible under contributory negligence.Driver no 2 could argue the same, He / She could also argue that there were no signs to the front of the building and the entrance was unmarked, Was student no 1 under the influence of drugs or alcohol, Was it a dark day and did the stationary car have lights on, was the stationary car illegally parked at the time and causing a public nuisance or obstruction to the highway, these may not all be defences but would be considered at least mitigating circumstances. The hospital could argue that the time delay was reasonable under the circumstances, were they particularly busy. Did the time delay contribute to the deterioration of student no 2’s health or was it inevitable. Iii / iv which parties may entitled to remedies for injury and losses suffered ? Student no 2, ho is now unfortunately dead, would be unable to claim at all, but his parents, family or legal guardian would be able to claim or sue for damages, who they sued would be dependant on the findings of the hospital inquiry or the report from the corinor as to the cause of death.It may also be true that the lorry driver could be sued for manslaughter through the criminal courts. Student no 3 the driver of the stationary car could sue and claim damages for the whiplash they have suffered, loss of earnings due to the whiplash, these could be claimed through physical injury and economic loss respectively, sighting Donahue v Stevenson 1932 and Carroll v Fearon 1988. The repair to t he car would be recoverable through the motor insurance of the lorry. Question 3 What is and is not recoverable through the courts ? The client may be able to recover damages from the main contractor, for all and any damage caused as a direct result of the fire. Sighting Mcardale v Admac roofing 1967 when the main contractor was found to be responsible when a roof was constructed incorrectly. Or sighting Scottish Special Housing Association v Wimpey Construction UK Ltd 1986 The main contractor in turn may be able to recover there loss from the sub contractor for negligence if the air conditioning installed was found to be at fault. Sighting Tyco fire integrated solutions v Rolls Royce motor cars Ltd ( 2007) The neighbour who tried to extinguish the fire would not be able to recover damages for smoke inhalation or for losses through earnings, It may be the case that he could be sued himself for trespass, sighting Manchester airport v Dutton (1999) S A Mercer HNC year 1 How to cite Basic Law (Tort), Essays

Healthy Fast Food Essay Example For Students

Healthy Fast Food Essay It is nearly impossible to turn on the television or radio and not be hit with advertisements introducing the latest fast food trend fresh and healthy food options. More often, the media bombards us with slogans such as Subways common pitch to eat fresh or McDonalds million-dollar advertisement campaign to try the new fruit and walnut salad. Attention has made an abrupt turn from the greasy, deep-fried originals at the fast food chains to more health conscious food choices. Even a documentary of a man named Morgan Spurlock made headlines and won awards when he ate McDonalds three times a day for a month and publicized the effects through a movie called Super Size Me. Shortly after Super Size Me caught high publicity attention, McDonalds has introduced three garden fresh salads. Other popular fast food chains were not far behind the healthy menu options McDonalds has offered, and soon numerous salad, yogurt, fruit, and grilled chicken food items popped up on every fast food menu. The message is simple; people are becoming too fat due to the consumption of fast food. Therefore, obesity and the demand for fresh, quick food service have increased the popularity of health conscious food selections on fast food menus. Obesity, especially child obesity, is becoming more of an epidemic concern among society today and commonly linked to fast food. Recent data suggest that nearly fifteen percent of U.S. youngsters and almost one-third of adults are obese; and everyday nearly one-third of these U.S. children aged four to nineteen eat fast food. Yale University obesity researcher Kelly Brownell said, Fast food contributes to increased calorie intake and obesity risk in children (CBS News). No wonder parents are becoming concerned with the options children have when facing a fast food menu. Parent complaints are not enough of influence to entice the big-ticket fast food joints to make a healthy switch, however, lawsuits is. The nations obesity epidemic has focused attention on fast-restaurants, and while recent class-action lawsuits attempting to blame McDonalds Corp. for making people fat have failed, many chains have begun offering healthier fare in fear of lawsuits (CBS News). A growing concern with on-the-go food consumers is the freshness and dietary guidelines that go into their diet. Tight schedules make people spend more time working and less spent eating. Thus, fast food becomes one the most popular alternatives. It is affordable, delicious, readily available and most importantly, fast. However, the selection of varying food groups is limited, and food restaurants are beginning to recognize the problem. Gary Hirshberg, a parent frustrated with the food selection his family had while on the road for vacation, started a store called ONaturals that now has four different locations in California and Boston. We call it fast food with a mission,; said Hirshberg, who envisions his healthy restaurants shaking up the restaurant business (Andrew Martin). Subway is another popular restaurant that draws their attention to the fresh side of the market. However, there are few fast food places, like Subway, that can claim their food to be fresh. Many of the well-known fast food vendors claim to offer fresh salads, fruits, and sandwiches; but freshly packaged does not necessarily mean freshly made (Blogspot). Many would argue that the latest craze with the addition of Healthy Fast Food Essay isnt due to obesity or quality freshness, but simply expanding the market to increase profit. A high percentage of Americans eat fast food, and an even increasing number of Americans are becoming more aware of their dietary health. Therefore, to increase sales to those individuals who normally wouldnt splurge on a double cheeseburger, fries, and soda; fast food corporations have expanded their market. Fast food is pushing advertisements containing salads, fruit, yogurt, and grilled entrees to lure those on-the-go health conscious individuals. Faced with this new breed of consumers, Biz-Community News reports, fast-food companies must certainly take action to assure their future (Biz-Community News). Obesity and the desire for freshness are the two focal reasons fast food chains have gone healthy. .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd , .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .postImageUrl , .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd , .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd:hover , .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd:visited , .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd:active { border:0!important; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd:active , .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u53501961539f3c394336abd77a598ddd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Great depression on unemployment Essay A high percentage of Americans are over weight, and those same individuals supply the profit for the fast food industry. Close to one hundred percent of the items on a fast food menu .

Total Quality Managemnet Essay Example

Total Quality Managemnet Essay This form is to be completed by each group for assignment 2 It is important that you discuss this as a group so that it is relevant, reflect effort, contribution in meeting assignment work and time schedule. This must be filled and attached to your work for submission. This is incorporated to our work to establish accountability and highlight the necessity and importance of the individual in a team environment. Please exercise caution and fairness in your completion of this requirement. The percentage you allocate per peer will then be used to calculate the mark per individual in your group. Individual’s Name| % of contribution| Date/ Signature amp; Remarks| Clay Blair| 95%| Clay E. Blair 5/21/2012| Taufusi Taitai| 0%| Never present| Kuata Teoni| 0%| Never present| Samuela Tagicakbau| 90%| Samuela Tagicakibau 1/6/2012| Group Name| Demi Tasse| Each individual must sign to his/ her name in the table above or, one from the group can do so on your colleague’s behalf This form must be correctly filled and attached to your soft copy Introduction Omni Bedford Springs Resort Business Brief http://www. tripadvisor. com/Hotel_Review-g52178-d647574-Reviews-Omni_Bedford_Springs_Resort-Bedford_The_Alleghenies_Pennsylvania. html The Omni Bedford Springs Resort is located at 2138 Business Route 220 Bedford, Pennsylvania United States. The resorts main accommodations include, resort lodging, dining, spa treatments, events and golfing. We will write a custom essay sample on Total Quality Managemnet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Total Quality Managemnet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Total Quality Managemnet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer According to www. TripAdvisor. com , The Omni Bedford Spring Resorts holds a star rating of four out of five. As well as rated the best hotel in the Bedford Pennsylvania area. Although the resort is a privately owned estate, the Omni franchise runs the operation of the resort through a management contract. The Omni Bedford Springs has collected well over 500 reviews alone from www. TripAdvisor. com . With 302 of those reviews rating them as excellent and among these reviews several guest commented they enjoyed the fine dining, the quiet area, the beautiful scenery and the well maintained historic aspects of the resort. But not all guests have felt this way as 23 guest rated the hotel as poor and 10 listing the resort as terrible. These guests commented that their information for rooms, discounts and services had been misplaced or lost, the noise from events such as weddings and miscommunications between departments for package deals. Organizational Chart Assignment Tasks 1. After looking through the vast amount of data from the Omni Bedford Springs, our group compiled a list of products that the resort offers its guest. They are Hotel Rooms (Fg 1. ), Golf, Restaurant/ In Room Dinning/ Meal Service (Fg 2. , Spa Services (Fg 3. ), Swimming Pool (Fg 4. ), Hotel Merchindice (Fg. 5), Wedding/ Meeting/ Function Services (Fg. 6), Gym Service (Fg. 7) and Golf (Fg. 8). Product Chart Fg. 1 Fg. 8 Fg. 5 Fg. 3 Fg. 2 Fg. 7 Fg. 6 Fg. 4 FUNCTION OF DEPARMENTS MARKETING This is a very big department which is allocated with various jobs that requires the promoting and marketing of the resorts products and services. The main product of this department is the resort itself whereby the tourists and travelers will only be attracted to the resort depending on how it is being marketed and. n order to maintain this they have to beautify and modern technology so that tourist will enjoy and also be satisfied with the resorts information that has provided on webs, magazines, etc. ACCOUNTS This department holds a very important role in which it is involved in the monetary and finances of the resorts. It provides services whereby it allocates the budget, pay roll for the employersemployees, prepares general ledger, financial reporting, yearend audit preparation and the support of budget and forecast activities. (Dealer Finance Manager, 2008) HUMAN RESOURCES It acts almost as the blood for the Omni Bedford Springs Resort. Human resources professionals typically work as generalists or specialists. Generalists are responsible for all aspects of the HR function for their organizations. Typically, generalists are employed as directors or managers for large or small companies. Big companies often have a group of HR specialists who report to a director or manager. (White, 1999-2012) EVENTS This department makes a lot of Special events and organizes all aspects of an event, it is an important element of public relations, marketing and in some cases, inner-company social events. These events create company visibility in the community, introduce potential customers to the company and create awareness of goods and services. Events within the company enable employees to socialize and build relationships outside of the pressure of work hours and responsibilities. (Stringer, 1999-2012) OPERATIONS The operations department of a company, often called the corporate department or group, is a collection of business support functions: human resources, information technology, finance and accounting, legal and procurement. Though this department does not generate revenue, the tasks that operations performs are required for business to be conducted. (Henderson, 1999-2012) Job description In creating a clear understanding it is important to understand the roles of the Hospitality management and the front line workers we should first look into each department’s role and the description of these roles. Although department is different, it is important that every area or a hotel be fully functioning and ready. The same can be said about management and the front line worker. Without proper management, time is wasted and more mistakes can take place. But without the frontline worker, the industry has few people and a great many things to accomplish, as well as the front line worker often acts as the face of the organization to the guest Position| MARKETING DIRECTOR| Reports to:| General Manager| Responsible for| marketing staff| Possible inside relations| accounts department function coordinators | Functions| It is generally in charge with the duty of getting more guest and business to the resort. They often manage different projects and plans by the employees under them. | Responsibilitiesamp; Roles| * Responsible for promoting the resort to overseas market. Discover possible development for the resort * Implementing actions to the marketing scheme of resorts. * To keep up a affirmative manner that encourages joint effort within the resort and a positive figure of the resort. * the sharing out staff and share of work load that is desirable to meet market requirements. * Coordinates and assisting departments which involves develo ping in annual marketing plans. * Reviews marketing activities with all applicable management. | Position| PROMOTIONS| Reports to| Marketing Director/General Manager| Responsible for| sales secretary| Possible inside relations| sales executivemarketing manageraccounts department| Functions| They operate as an overall sales person for the resort. They carry out task usually in two ways, by either linking with new customers by contacting them about the resort or the seconded way is to make functions and opportunities for new customers and guest who want to visit the resort by themselves. So in a sense the Promotions work at and away from the resort when needed. | Responsibilities amp; Roles| * Promotes the sales, products and services of the resorts that will benefit the customers. Increase profits of the hotel through creative and selective selling. * Perform job functions with attention to detail, speed and accuracy. * Be a pure thinker, remaining cool in solving problems using good judgment. * Plan and implement profitable and productive sales trips into allocated territory to improve and increase the penetration of that resort. | Position| ACCOUNTING DIRECTOR| Reports to| Genera l Manager| Responsible for| accountant’s staff| Possible inside relations| sales department marketing department Front office Food amp; Beverage. Function| Is in charge departments which links to the monetary reporting. It is also in charge for increasing and ensuring office values, engages actions to make sure correct and suitable monetary statements. It manages accountants staff which is also liable to the supervision of staff that guarantee employment is correctly distributed and finished in a sensible and perfect behavior. It has stiff objectives and a massive amount of office activities together with the preparation of the ledger, monetary information, preparation of the yearend review and the maintaining of the financial statement. Responsibilities amp; Roles | * acquire and sustain a detailed perceptive of the monetary reports and arranging of the ledger accounts. * guarantee a precise and suitable monitoring of the years expenses. * support the person in charge of the day by day monetary necessities. * guarantee the correct and appropriate processing of positive pay transactions. * make sure that the period of the business agreement actions are done in a good and well manned way. | Position| ACCOUNTANT| Reports to| General Manager/Accounting director| Responsible for| auditors| Possible inside relations| Management staff Food amp; Beverage staffMarketing staff | Function| It managers purchases, claims payment or paychecks. Without the front line workers like Accountants, the numbers, checks and bills would just pile up and the operation would cease to be. | Responsibility amp; Roles| * Prepare profit and loss statements and monthly closing and cost accounting reports. * Compile and analyze financial information to prepare entries to accounts, such as general ledger accounts, and document business transactions. Establish, maintain, and coordinate the implementation of accounting and accounting control procedures. * Analyze and review budgets and expenditures for local, state, federal, and private funding, contracts, and grants. (Duties and responsibilities of accountant? , 2012)| Position| DIRECTOR OF HUMAN RESOURCE| Reports to| General Manager | Responsible for| Internal/external staff| Possible inside relations| Management staffFood and BeverageMarketing s taffFront office staff | Function| The Director of Human Resources (HR) is the Lead Manager of the department. As according to Cite HR (2011), â€Å"contains the role of serving as the key member in advising business leadership for HR process for associates. † As well as the Director of HR works as a final mediator and the decision maker when it comes to employee conflicts, training and organization development| Responsibility and Roles| * Recruiting * Hiring * Training * Organization Development * Communication * Performance Management * Coaching * Policy Recommendation * Salary and Benefits * Team Building * Employee Relations Leadership. What Does a Human Resources Manager, Generalist, or Director Do? , 2012)| Position| EMPLOYEE ACQUISITIONS| Reports to| General Manager/Director of Human Resources | Responsible for| employees | Possible inside relations| Management staffFood amp; Beverage staffMarketing staffFront office staff| Function| The Employee Acquisitions is responsible for branching out and searching for new employees. As the department of Human Resources will actually head hunt certain candidates they feel will feel the hole in the Omni Resort. Without this position the Omni Bedford Resort may fail to find the best employees. | Responsibility and Roles | * guarantee that resorts profit levels are sufficient and relied to mangers recommendations. * helps section chiefs to raise sales in the short term and long term. * helps the resort raise revenues in a province or country. * helps the resort attain new clients in the short term and long term. * frequently travels to meet with domestic and international clients. | Position| EVENTS DIRECTOR| Reports to| General Manager| Responsible for| Events staff| Possible inside relations| Marketing staffAccounting staffFood amp; beverage staff| Function| It is crucial in the high job pressure of events as leading the employees under them to completing responsibilities. Their duty and role is to, â€Å"organize first air, security or any extra staff, plan layouts, organize staff and meet the expectations of the guest event† (Simply Marketing Jobs, 2010). Their roles as well as cater to the set up and tear down of an event. Responsibility and Roles | * schedules and training, arranging requirements for guest events, delegating tasks, and meeting with * responsible to meet with the group holding the event to understand what kinds of amenities need to be in place for the event to be successful. * should organize those on the event staff by assigning them certainresponsibilities to perform during the time leading up to the day of the event as well as during the event. * Following up after an event could include something as informal as a handshake or something as official as a sit-down meeting to evaluate how well the needs of the event were met. Event Manager Job Description, 1999-2012)| Position| EVENTS PLANNER| Reports to| General Manager/ Events Director| Responsible for| Events Staff| Possible inside relations| Marketing staffAccounting staffFood amp; Beverage staff| Function| It is about details, vision, organization and the means to pull off both big and small events without a hitch. Event planners can work on a freelance basis or for an event planning company, which is popular in wedding planning. In addition, many nonprofit organizations and for-profit corporations hire event planners as part of their staffs. Remenyi, 1999-2012)| Responsibilities and Roles| * Obtain permits from fire and health departments to erect displays and exhibits and serve food at events. * Promote conference, convention and trades show services by performing tasks such as me eting with professional and trade associations, and producing brochures and other publications. * Develop event topics and choose featured speakers. * Consult with customers in order to determine objectives and requirements for events such as meetings, conferences, and conventions. Monitor event activities in order to ensure compliance with applicable regulations and laws, satisfaction of participants, and resolution of any problems that arise. * Confer with staff at a chosen event site in order to coordinate details. | Position| OPERATION DIRECTOR| Reports to| General Manager| Responsible for| Financial management| Possible inside relations| Marketing staffAccounting staffFood amp; Beverage staff| Function| The Director of Operations ensures that the aspects of the kitchen, restraint and hotel are all running smoothly day from day. Truly a manager that wears many hats and has to preform many duties. As according to, Redd, Lyons, Wright, Garneau, amp; Allen (2003), â€Å"Most of their time may be spent reviewing and evaluating business procedures ranging from office expenses to real estate assets. Accordingly, directors of operations may be responsible for overseeing the work of other upper-level management executives. † Although they know most every aspect of all the departments, they ensure and look establishing flow within their areas of operations. | Responsibilities and Roles| * overseeing departmental budgets. makes decisions on whether to increase or decrease spending in order to maintain profitability. * They are the guidelines to be followed when conducting business operations. * is responsible for establishing policies and procedures and making sure they are adhered to. * make sure that tasks are completed in a timely manner. * overseas production schedules and, depending on the size of the orga nization, employee schedules. (Miller, 1999-2012)| Position| HOUSEMAN| Reports to| General Manager/Operation Director/ Housekeeping Supervisor/Duty Manager| Possible inside relations| In house staff| Function| The Housemen act as a middle man in all actions between Director of Housekeeping, Floor Managers, Room Attendants and Guest. Often Housemen are tasked with providing clean lien, towels, sheets and other supplies to the Room Attendants. The Housemen as well as perform tasks in maintaining the halls of the hotel given to them by either the Director of Housekeeping or the Head Housemen. The delivery of requests such as extra pillows or roll always to the guest rooms before the guest arrival. Responsibilities and Roles| †¢ Clean and maintain common areas within the hotel†¢ Shovel snow in walkways and emergency exits†¢ Hot tub maintenance†¢ Minor maintenance issues†¢ Assist with bellman duties†¢ Ensure housemen room is kept clean, tidy and organized at all times†¢ Assist housekeeping staff with laundry removal and unit cleaning†¢ Clean and maintain lobby, entrance doors and bell trolleys includingsnow removal†¢ General Office errandsà ¢â‚¬ ¢ Assist guests with general questions and enquiries†¢ Assist Front Desk during periods. (Job Description for: Hotels Housemen (Seasonal))| INFORMATION SYSTEM Recommended Information System| Restaurant amp; Bar| Imonggo| About Imonggo| Imonggo is not just a POS system, but a complete web-based retail management solution that enables you to operate and manage hundreds of retail stores. (Discover the Pos revolution with Imonggo, 2009)| Function of Imonggo| Imonggo combines point of sale, inventory management, sales analysis, customer relationship management and business intelligence functions into an easy and intuitive user interface (Discover the Pos revolution with Imonggo, 2009)| Front of office amp; Reservations| NightsBridge| About NightsBridge | NightsBridge is a service that enables you as a guest house, Bamp;B, or independent hotel to take real-time, online bookings through any websites you choose. We provide youre up-to-the-second room availability to potential guests through your own website or the accommodation sites NightsBridge partners with. Guests can check availability, book and pay online in one go. (About us, 2010)| Function of NightsBridge| The NightsBridge system will pull availability directly out of your own booking software once the two systems are connected. Youll only have to keep one calendar up to date, so you can be sure the availability youre displaying online is always correct. [ (Connect to your Existing Reservation System, 2012) ]Since your reservation staff continue to use their own front-office system for managing bookings there is little training required. The NightsBridge system runs in the background sending availability up to web sites and putting new bookings directly into your own system. [ (Connect to your Existing Reservation System, 2012) ]| It helps the resort allocate which product is being sold most and provides fast service while serving the customer. Bibliography About us. (2010). Retrieved june 2012, 2012, from nightsbridge: http://www. nightsbridge. co. za/about. jsp Connect to your Existing Reservation System. (2012). Retrieved june 1, 2012, from nightsbridge: http://www. nightsbridge. co. za/products_existing_pms. jsp Discover the Pos revolution with Imonggo. (2009). Retrieved june 1, 2012, from imonggo: http://www. imonggo. com/ Duties and responsibilities of accountant? (2012). Retrieved june 1, 2012, from Answers: http://wiki. answers. com/Q/Duties_and_responsibilities_of_accountant Event Manager Job Description. (1999-2012). Retrieved june 2012, 2012, from eHow: http://www. ehow. om/about_6123442_event-manager-job-description. html Job Description for: Hotels Housemen (Seasonal). (n. d. ). Retrieved june 1, 2012, from owh: http://www. owh. com. au/downloads/jd/winter/BW_Housemen. pdf? amp;lang=en_usamp;output=jsonamp;session-id=86808a2167c24aa47c0b92cedbfcea99 Miller, J. (1999-2012). Roles and Responsibilities for Managing Operations. Retrieved june 1, 2012, from eHow: http://www. ehow. com/list_7692042_roles-responsibilities-managing-operations. html Remenyi, R. (1999-2012). Event Planner Job Description. Retrieved june 1, 2012, from eHow: http://www. ehow. com/about_5396968_event-planner-job-description. tml What Does a Human Resources Manager, Generalist, or Director Do? (2012). Retrieved june 1, 2012, from about: http://humanresources. about. com/od/jobdescriptions/f/hr_job_mgr. htm Citations Allen, L. ,Garneau, E. Lyons, J. , Redd, S amp; Wright, S. (2003). Director of operations: Job description and requirements for becoming a director of operations. http://educationportal. com/articles/Director_of_Operations_Job_Description_and_Requirements_for_Becoming_a_Director_of_Operations. html Blair, C. (2011) Personal Interview Cite HR (2011). http://www. citehr. com/16321-job-description-hr-manager. html

Heros Journey 101 Definition and Step-by-Step Guide (With Checklist!)

Heros Journey 101 Definition and Step-by-Step Guide (With Checklist!) The Hero's Journey: an Author's Guide to Plotting Ever notice that many stories seem to have a similar pattern? There’s always a protagonist who goes on an adventure, makes new friends, encounters roadblocks, fights a bad guy, and returns home a changed person. In fact, we can sum it up for you in two words: Hero’s Journey.This story structure is as old as time. From Theseus and the Minotaur to The Lion King, so many narratives follow this pattern that it’s ingrained in our cultural DNA today. In this post, we'll show you how to make this classic plot structure work for you - and recap it all in a neat infographic. Ready to answer the call of adventure? Let’s cross the barrier.What is the Hero’s Journey archetype?The Hero's Journey is a classic story structure that's shared by stories worldwide. Coined by academic Joseph Campbell in 1949, it refers to a wide-ranging category of tales in which a character ventures out to get what they need, faces conflict, and ultimately triumphs over adversity. Here are the three stages of the hero’s journey:The Departure Act: the Hero leaves the Ordinary World.The Initiation Act: the Hero ventures into unknown territory (the "Special World") and is birthed into a true champion through various trials and challenges.The Return Act: the Hero returns in triumph.In 2007, screenwriter Christopher Vogler refined Campbell’s original structure in his book,  The Writer’s Journey.  In it, Vogler expanded upon Campbell’s three phases, defining 12 stages that make it up. (This is the version that we’ll be dissecting later in this post.) The Hero's Journey has its fingerprints in everything from The Lion King  and horror novels to Star Wars and Arrival. But keep in mind that you don't necessarily need to follow it beat by beat. You can instead think of it as a map: you can stray from the set path whenever you like. But when you’re struggling to figure out what should happen next, it can act as a narrative arc guide to suggest what the next milestone should be. What are the 12 stages of the Hero's Journey? The 12 Hero’s Journey StepsThe Hero's Journey is a model for both plot points and character development: as the Hero traverses the world, they'll undergo inner and outer transformation at each stage of the journey. The 12 steps of the hero's journey are...1. The Ordinary World 2. The Call of Adventure 3. Refusal of the Call 4. Meeting the Mentor 5. Crossing the First Threshold 6. Tests, Allies, Enemies 7. Approach to the Inmost Cave 8. The Ordeal 9. Reward (Seizing the Sword) 10. The Road Back 11. Resurrection 12. Return with the ElixirBelieve it or not, this story structure also applies across mediums and genres (and also works when your protagonist is an anti-hero!). To show you how it can be used outside of your average sword-and-sorcery books, we've adopted the 1976 film  Rocky as an example in each step. 1. Ordinary WorldIn which we meet our Hero.The journey has yet to start. Before our Hero discovers a strange new world, we must first understand the status quo: their ordinary, mundane reality.It’s up to this opening leg to set the stage, introducing the Hero to readers. Importantly, it lets readers identify with the Hero as a â€Å"normal† person in a â€Å"normal† setting, before the journey begins.Example of the Ordinary World: In the opening of Rocky, Rocky Balboa is introduced as a mediocre boxer and loan collector - just doing his best to live day-to-day in a poor part of Philadelphia.2. Call to AdventureIn which an adventure starts.The call to adventure is all about booting the Hero out of their comfort zone. In this stage, they are generally confronted with a problem or challenge they can't ignore. This catalyst can take many forms, as Campbell points out in Hero with a Thousand Faces. The Hero can, for instance:Decide to go forth of their own volition, i.e. Theseus upon arriving in Athens,Be sent abroad by a benign or malignant agent, i.e. Odysseus setting off on his ship in The Odyssey,Stumble upon the adventure as a result of a mere blunder, i.e. Dorothy when she’s swept up in a tornado in The Wizard of Oz,Be casually strolling when some passing phenomenon catches the wandering eye and lures one away from the frequented paths of man, i.e. Elliot in E.T. upon discovering a lost alien in the t ool shed.The stakes of the adventure and the Hero's goals become clear. The only question: will he rise to the challenge?Example of the Call to Adventure: Apollo Creed, the undisputed World Heavyweight Champion, decides to make a big fight interesting by giving a no-name a chance to challenge him. Intrigued by the nickname, â€Å"The Italian Stallion,† he rings Rocky up.3. Refusal of the CallIn which the Hero digs in their feet.Great, so the Hero’s received their summons. Now they’re all set to be whisked off to defeat evil, right?Not so fast. The Hero might first refuse the call to action. It’s risky and there are perils - like spiders, trolls, or perhaps a creepy uncle waiting back at Pride Rock. It’s enough to give anyone pause.In Star Wars, for instance, Luke Skywalker initially refuses to join Obi-Wan on his mission to rescue the princess. It’s only when he discovers that his aunt and uncle have been killed by stormtroopers that he changes his mind.Example of the Refusal of the Call: Rocky says, â€Å"Thanks, but no thanks,† to Creed’s invitation. He’s reluctant, given that he has no trainer and is incredibly out of shape. Follow Rocky as he traverses the Hero's Journey in this post 4. Meeting the MentorIn which the Hero acquires a personal trainer.The Hero's decided to go on the adventure - but they’re not ready to spread their wings yet. They're much too inexperienced at this point and we don't want them to do a fabulous belly-flop off the cliff.Enter the mentor: someone who helps the Hero, so that they doesn't make a total fool of themselves (or get themselves killed). The mentor provides practical training, profound wisdom, a kick up the posterior, or something abstract like grit and self-confidence.Wise old wizards seem to like being mentors. But mentors take many forms, from witches to hermits and suburban karate instructors. They might literally give weapons to prepare for the trials ahead, like Q in the James Bond series. Or perhaps the mentor is an object, such as a map. In all cases, they prepare the Hero for the next step.Example of Meeting the Mentor: In steps former boxer Mickey â€Å"Mighty Mick† Goldmill, who sees potential in Rocky and starts training him physically and mentally for the fight.5. Crossing the First ThresholdIn which the Hero enters the other world in earnest.Now the Hero is ready - and committed - to the journey. This marks the end of the Departure stage and is when the adventure really kicks into the next gear. As Vogler writes: â€Å"This is the moment that the balloon goes up, the ship sails, the romance begins, the wagon gets rolling.†From this point on, there’s no turning back.Like our Hero, you should think of this stage as a checkpoint for your story. Pause and re-assess your bearings before you continue into unfamiliar territory. Have you:Launched the central conflict? If not, here’s a post on types of conflict to help you out.Established the theme of your book? If not, check out this post that’s all about creating theme  and motifs.Made headway into your character development? If not, this character profile template and these character development exercises may be useful.Example of Crossing the First Threshold: Rocky fully accepts the gauntlet to square up when he crosses the threshold into his love interest Adrian’s house and asks her out on a date.6. Tests, Allies, EnemiesIn which the Hero faces new challenges and gets a squad.When we step into the Special World, we notice a definite shift. The Hero might be discombobulated by this unfamiliar reality and its new rules. This is generally one of the longest stages in the story, as our protagonist gets to grips with this new world.This makes a prime hunting ground for the series of tests to pass! Luckily, there are many ways for the Hero to get into trouble:In Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle,  Spencer, Bethany, â€Å"Fridge,† and Martha get off to a bad start when they bump into a herd of bloodthirsty hippos.In his first few months at Hogwarts, Harry Potter manages to fight a troll, almost fall from a broomstick and die, and get horribly lost in the Forbidden Forest.Marlin and Dory encounter three â€Å"reformed† sharks , get shocked by jellyfish, and are swallowed by a blue whale en route to finding Nemo.This stage often expands the cast of characters. Once the protagonist is in the Special World, he will meet allies and enemies - or foes that turn out to be friends, and vice versa. He will learn a new set of rules from them. Saloons and seedy bars are popular places for these transactions, as Vogler points out (so long as the Hero survives them).Example of Tests, Allies, Enemies: Rocky continues to try and win over Adrian while making a dubious friend in Paulie.7. Approach to the Inmost CaveIn which the Hero gets closer to his goal.This isn’t a physical cave. Instead, the â€Å"inmost cave† refers to the most dangerous spot in the other realm - whether that’s the villain’s chambers, the lair of the fearsome dragon, or the Death Star. Almost always, it is where the ultimate goal of the quest is located. Everything you wanted to know about the Hero's Journey - and more! Note that the protagonist hasn’t entered the Inmost Cave just yet. This stage is all about the approach to it. It covers all the prepwork that's needed in order to defeat the villain.Example of the Approach to the Inmost Cave: The Inmost Cave in Rocky is Rocky’s own mind. He fears that he’ll never amount to anything - something that he reveals when he butts heads with his trainer, Mickey, in his apartment.8. OrdealIn which the Hero faces his biggest test of all thus far. Of all the tests the Hero has faced, none have made them hit rock bottom - until now. Vogler describes this phase as a â€Å"black moment.† Campbell refers to it as the â€Å"belly of the whale.† Both indicate some grim news for the Hero.The protagonist must now confront their greatest fear. If they survive it, they will emerge transformed. This is a critical moment in the story, as Vogler explains that it will â€Å"inform every decision that the Hero makes from this point forward.†The Ordeal is sometimes not the climax of the story. There’s more to come. But you can think of it as the main event of the second act - the one in which the Hero actually earns the title of â€Å"Hero.†Example of the Ordeal: The start of the training montage marks the beginning of Rocky’s Ordeal. He pushes through it until he glimpses hope ahead while running up the museum steps.9. Reward (Seizing the Sword)In which the Hero sees light at the end of the tunnel.Our Hero’s been through a lot. However, the fruits of their labor are now at hand - if they can just reach out and grab them! The â€Å"reward† is the object or knowledge the Hero has fought throughout the entire journey to hold.Once the protagonist has it in their possession, it generally has greater ramifications for the story. Vogler offers a few examples of it in action:Luke rescues Princess Leia and captures the plans of the Death Star - keys to defeating Darth Vader.Dorothy escapes from the Wicked Witch’s castle with the broomstick and the ruby slippers - keys to getting back home.Example of the Reward (Seizing the Sword): Rocky’s reward is the return of his faith in himself. He regains the self-esteem to realize that he has the stuff to take on Apollo Creed - win or lose.10. The Road BackIn which the light at the end of the tunnel might be a little further than the Hero thought.The story's not over just yet, as this phase marks the beginning of Act Three. Now that he's seized the reward, the Hero tries to return to the Ordinary World, but more dangers (inconveniently) arise on the road back from the Inmost Cave.More precisely, the Hero must deal with the consequences and aftermath of the previous act: the dragon, enraged by the Hero who’s just stolen a treasure from under his nose, starts the hunt. Or perhaps the opposing army gathers to pursue the Hero across a crowded battlefield. All further obstacles for the Hero, who must face them down before they can return home.Example of the Road Back: On New Year’s Day, the fight between Rocky and Creed is held. Rocky realizes the challenge that lies before him in the first few rounds, in which both men are more or less equally matched.11. ResurrectionIn which the last test is met.Here is the true climax of the story. Everything that happened prior to this stage culminates in a crowning test for the Hero, as the Dark Side gets one last chance to triumph over the Hero.Vogler refers to this as a â€Å"final exam† for the Hero - they must be â€Å"tested once more to see if they have really learned the lessons of the Ordeal.† It’s in this Final Battle that the protagonist goes through one more â€Å"resurrection.† As a result, this is where you’ll get most of your miraculous near-death escapes, la James Bond's dashing deliverances. If the Hero survives, they can start looking forward to a sweet ending.Example of the Resurrection: Rocky’s knocked down more than a few times as the fight continues. The entire fight winds up lasting 15 rounds and takes both men to the brink of exhaustion.12. Return with the ElixirIn which our Hero has a triumphant homecoming.Finally, the Hero gets to return home. However, they go back a different person than when they started out: they’ve grown and matured as a result of the journey they’ve taken.But we’ve got to see them bring home the bacon, right? That’s why the protagonist must return with the â€Å"Elixir,† or the prize won during the journey, whether that’s an object or knowledge and insight gained.Of course, it’s possible for a story to end on an Elixir-less note - but then the Hero would be doomed to repeat the entire adventure.Example of the Return with the Elixir: Rocky doesn’t win the fight - but he doesn’t care. He’s won back his confidence and beaten his mental demons. And he’s got Adrian, who tell him that she loves him.Free Infographic: The Hero’s Journey TemplateThe following infographic can be used as a hero’s journey template. Follow Bilbo along on each of the 12 steps of his journey - as you go through, plot your own character’s journey through the: Ordinary World, Call of Adventure, Refusal of the Call, Meeting the Mentor, Crossing the First Threshold, Tests, Allies, Enemies, Approach to the Inmost Cave, Ordeal, Reward (Seizing the Sword), Road Back, Resurrection, and Return with the Elixir! Looking beyond the Hero’s JourneyIt’s important to remember that this story structure was conceived as a way to better understand story structure. It’s just one helpful way to outline a novel and dissect a plot. For more longstanding theories on the topic, you can go this way to read about the ever-popular Three-Act Structure or here to discover Dan Harmon's Story Circle and  three more prevalent structures. Cool infographic alert! Analyzing the Hero's Journey: As Seen in the Hobbit Remember, rules are made to be broken. There’s plenty of room to play within its confines. Do you want to experiment with an abbreviated â€Å"Resurrection† stage, as J.K. Rowling did in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone? Are you more interested in exploring the journey of an anti-hero? It’s all possible. Once you understand the basics of this universal story structure, you can use and bend it in ways that disrupts reader expectations.Are you planning on using the Hero's Journey in your book? What's your favorite example of this structure? Let us know in the comments below!

How significant was urban life to medieval society Essay

How significant was urban life to medieval society - Essay Example Furthermore, growth in trade and more attention was paid to literacy along with migration from rural areas that reshaped the outlook of cities and towns. The dynamic culture which emerged after urban development in Middle Ages laid down a foundation of development in economy, society, religion, arts and politics. Urban areas in medieval society comprised of small colonies having a very small population as compared to cities and towns of present day. It is also important to note that these medieval cities were also not as civilized as modern cities are today. Territorial expansion, increase in population, development of trade and migration in urban areas are some of the major traits of urbanization in middle ages. Due to increased employment and business opportunities, merchant class emerged as an important social and demographic segment which reshaped overall social hierarchy in mediaeval society. Since earlier social segregation comprised of aristocracy, peasants and clergy, the soc ial hierarchical system had no place for merchants which further lead to migration of merchants to other towns and cities. Earlier residential areas and cities comprised of undersized housing units with very small cover areas with narrow confined streets. It was after the development in trade when requirement of bigger streets for transportation and warehousing increased causing construction of bigger housing units and acquisition of more land leading to expansion in territories. Since urban population was not mainly involved in direct labour, they had more opportunities to pay attention to education which lead to increased in literacy in medieval Europe. This was also precisely the time when new genres and writing styles emerged1. In the late tenth century, many cities and towns were founded followed by settlements of merchants near these areas. The lords of these cities and towns also offered protection to these merchants. Since inhabitants of towns were largely dependent on the l ords for mobility required for trade and continuous food supply from other territories, the groups of merchants and artisans filled this gap of transportation. According to Spielvogel, â€Å"since the townspeople were profiting from the growth of trade and sale of their products, they were willing to pay for the right to make their own laws and govern themselves2†. Therefore, towns began to gain their rights in exchange of certain amount of revenues paid to the King and lords. In addition to that, burghers also obtained charters of liberties from these lords which granted them â€Å"rights to bequeath and sell property, freedom from ,military obligation to the lord, written urban law and right to become a free person after residing a year and a day in a town3†. After gaining rights of governing themselves, another important part of development of medieval society was formation of Guilds. Guilds were formal business associations of merchants, artisans, bankers etc. Thes e institutions were established earlier for religious and social purposes; â€Å"Merchant or craft guilds came slightly later. They arose when guilds dominated by merchants, like the Trinity Guild of Coventry, began to regulate conditions of manufacture and trade4.† Out of all the guilds, merchant and craft guilds are of immense importance as they formed the nucleus of new civil society. These organizations not only provided protection for

Financal Statement Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Financal Statement Analysis - Essay Example Consequent to this, the share price movements of Inditex SA and Gap Inc over the past one year are analysed, following which the impact of credit crunch on both the retail firms are discussed. It also confers on their corporate governance issues in detail. Finally, the paper offers recommendations for both Inditex SA and Gap Inc with the purpose of improving their financial as well as operational situation in the upcoming years. Corporate Failure Models for Inditex SA and Gap Inc The findings from the previously conducted financial statement analysis of Inditex SA and Gap Inc suggest that both the companies are financially stable and fit. However, though the present financial position of both the retail companies is stable in comparison to the overall retail industry, it is imperative to assess the susceptibility of these companies to corporate failure or bankruptcy. This can be accomplished by computing the Altman’s Z-score of Inditex and Gap. This is because the Z-scores of the business organizations enable one to forecast the extent of financial distress encountered by the business. It also assists in assessing whether a particular organization is vulnerable to bankruptcy in the upcoming years. ... (Rachlin, 1997). In the above equation, Working Capital/Total Assets ratio determines the net value of liquid assets of the organization in relation to its total assets, while the Retained Earnings/Total Assets gauges the profitability of the organization over time. The EBIT/ Total Assets ratio is the most vital constituent of the equation as it determines the earning capacity of the company. The Market Value of Equity/Total Liabilities ratio determines the organization’s potential to endure a decline in its asset value, where as Net Sales/Total Assets ratio identifies the sales generating competence of the organization’s assets (Rachlin, 1997). The Z-score of Inditex SA and Gap Inc have been computed as follows: Financial Year 2011 Inditex SA (in millions Euro) Gap Inc (in millions US$) Current Assets 5202.51 3926 Total assets 9826.08 7065 Net Sales 12526 14664 Interest 3.56 0 Total Liabilities 3402.91 2985 Current Liabilities 2674.91 2095 Market Value of Equity 42105. 97 14212.29 Earnings before Taxes 2321.59 1982 Retained earnings 6272.3 1086 (Source: Gap Inc., 2011; Bloomberg (a), 2012; Bloomberg (b), 2012) Z-Score of Inditex SA Z= 1.2*(0.257) + 1.4*(0.638) + 3.3*(0.237) + 0.6*(12.374) + 1.0*(1.275) = 10.682. The elevated value of Z-score for Inditex is mainly due to the high value of Market Value of Equity to Total Liabilities ratio of the company. The company has much less liabilities in comparison to its large market capitalization value. Z-Score of Gap Inc Z= 1.2*(0.259) + 1.4*(0.154) + 3.3*(0.281) + 0.6*(4.761) + 1.0*(2.076) = 6.387. The decent z-score for Gap Inc is mainly due to the high value of Market Value of Equity to Total Liabilities and the

African Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

African Politics - Essay Example Its aims were to create separate institutions, and to some extent separate homelands, for the black people who existed in white-dominated settlements in ancient America. Black separatists’ arguments were that the white people oppressed the blacks, and that it was impossible for the blacks to advance in any way when living in a white-dominated societies. The proponents of this movement pushed for segregation of black institutions such as business schools so that the blacks themselves would direct them (Selverstone 160). Concisely, the main objectives of this movement were to separate the black societies from the white to achieve means of making them independent and self-sufficient to survive in an environment that was hostile. One of the dominant black elites of this movement includes Marcus Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), and the Nation of Islam. Marcus Garvey, unlike other activists, did not advocate for segregation within white territories, rather, Garvey’s UNIA elite called on the black society to move from America and return to their â€Å"homeland† in Africa, Liberia to be specific (Lawler & Davenport 80-82). The second elite, Nation of Islam, was founded by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad, and called for the establishment of new independent states for blacks only in the white territories. In addition, it provided economic, social, mental, and spiritual support for African Americans. According to its sympathizers, the black community would only foster if it had its own states with black schools, police, politicians, and businesses. This is an umbrella movement that housed other smaller social movements that aimed at ending discrimination, segregation by race, and enforces the voting rights of blacks living in the United States. This movement employed mostly campaigns of civil resistance, implementing civil disobedience and non-violent protests as tactics to create crises that would make the

Key definitions in teaching

Key definitions in teaching 1.2 Reflect on ways in which professional practice promotes equality of opportunity and values diversity Based on an observed lesson, write a reflective account about how effectively your practice promotes equality of opportunity and values diversity. In your account you must consider: How promoting equality and diversity protects learners from harm. Actions that you take to value learners. The information that you provide to learners and how this is provided Your communication strategies and own behaviour in promoting equality, diversity and inclusion. How working with other agencies and professionals supports your inclusive practice. Unit 7, LO3.2 also contributes to this assessment criterion 1.3 Explain the contribution of learning to personal development, community development and economic growth You need to complete the following table and explain how each aspect of learning contributes to the listed areas 1.4 Analyse the impact of own professional values on learning and teaching Complete the following table. You need to discuss the following What these things are (describe them) How they could affect (impact) on you own professionalism as a teacher LO2 – Understand policies and regulatory requirements relating to the lifelong learning sector 2.1 Analyse the implications for and impact of government policies on practice in the lifelong learning sector Complete the table below, discussing the implication of each policy and how they have impacted on the sector. 2.2 Analyse ways in which government policies and the requirements of regulatory bodies impact on practice in own specialist area Complete the table below. This is similar to the previous one, but you must focus on your own specialist area. LO2.3 Explain the roles of regulatory and funding bodies in the lifelong learning sector Write a report which fully covers the following topics in detail: 1) Funding and regulation. Explain the roles and purposes of key agencies responsible for funding and regulation (e.g. Sector Skills Councils, LSIS, SFA, HEFC, OFSTED, EU funding). Analyse how these agencies have an impact on how the sector is run. 2) Quality improvement. Explain the roles and purposes of key agencies responsible for quality improvement (e.g. QAA, OFSTED, LSIS, IFL, Awarding Organisations, Matrix, ISO, etc.) and how these agencies have an impact on quality and quality improvement in the sector 3) The inspection process. Analyse how the inspection process (Ofsted and the Common Inspection Framework) has an impact on practice is the sector. LO3 Be able to contribute to quality improvement and quality assurance systems and Procedures 3.1 Review own role and contribution in quality improvement and quality assurance in the organisation Complete this table by discussing how you are involved and contribute to these quality procedures. LO 3.2 Examine the role of assessment and evaluation in the quality cycle This is covered in Unit 5, 1.3, 2.1 and 4.1 LO 3.3 Produce accurate assessment data and records This is covered in Unit 5, 2.2, 2.3 3.4 Assess the validity and reliability of data relating to own learners Attach a copies learner tracking sheets, course reviews, evaluations, etc. then comment on the following: 3.5 Communicate assessment information to those with an interest in learner achievement This is covered in Unit 5 – 2.3 3.6 – Evaluate a learning programme in accordance with the quality systems and procedures in the organisation 3.7 – Communicate the result of evaluation of a learning program. To cover these two criteria you will need to conduct, or take part in, a course review and produce a report that can be shared with others responsible for quality assurance and continuous quality improvement within your organisation. The report should contain quantitative, e.g. success, achievement and retention data along with qualitative data, e.g. student surveys, etc. You may need to add brief explanations for why you have met, exceeded or failed to meet National Benchmark Data, client expectations, funding agency requirements, etc. LO4 – Understand how to develop learners’ wider skills in own specialist area 4.1 Analyse how the development of wider skills can improve learner motivation, confidence and achievement Complete the following table by analysing how the listed methods may be able to improve learner motivation, confidence and achievement 4.2 Evaluate ways to provide opportunities for learners to develop wider skills Explain the good (positive) and not so good (negative) points about the following methods that could be used to help learners develop wider skills: LO5 – Be able to evaluate and improve your own wider professional practice 5.1 Analyse the effectiveness of own wider professional practice 5.2 Reflect on strengths and areas for improvement in own wider professional practice Evaluate your own wider professional practice by completing this table: 5.3 Engage in professional development opportunities to improve own wider professional practice For each area listed above where you either need some or lots of improvement complete this table of CPD activities: Area CPD activity I will undertake to improve By when?

Baums Ambivalent Vision :: Literature Children Books Papers

Baum's Ambivalent Vision Perhaps more completely than any other writer, the person who hopes to write successful children's literature must become a child again, to write with that combination of seriousness, simplicity, and wonder children demand in their stories: they will read no others. Arguably, then--because his books have been read and reread by generations of children--L. Frank Baum possesses this quality, this childlikeness, to a great degree. It is a crucial attribute for writers, one that Erich Neumann calls "a special animation of the unconscious" and defines as "the creative man's special kind of alertness. He usually possesses it even as a child, but this alertness is not identical with the reflecting consciousness of a precocious intellect. The childhood state of the creative individual can be characterized no better than in HÃ ¶lderlin's words: "und schlummert wachenden Schlaf" ("and slumbers in waking sleep"). In this state of alertness the child is open to a world, to an overwhelming unitary reality that surpasses and overpowers him on all sides. At once sheltered and exposed, this waking sleep, for which there is as yet no outside and no inside, is the unforgettable possession of the creative man". ("Creative Man and Transformation" 180) The special, creative state Neumann describes is functionally an altered state of consciousness, one achieved in a writer's case not by drugs, fasting, or meditation, but by simple concentration in a relaxed posture, the restriction of the mind to a blank piece of paper as the writer sits at his or her desk, waiting for whatever will come. Because it is a variety of altered state, because most of the major phenomena of such states overlap (Mogar 385), because one of these phenomena is a shift toward increased imagery, and because the images themselves follow a remarkably regular pattern--it is possible to construct from various sources a visionary schema that indicates just how a particular writer reacts to this heightened sense of the unconscious--with a sense of joy, of fear, or of ambivalence. The first of these sources is Aldous Huxley's Heaven and Hell, in which he identifies the major imagery of visionary states as a sense of light and color in intricate, geometric forms resembling jewels and/or flowers (103-04). This is true in both the positive and the negative visions Huxley identifies, though the jewels and flowers seem divine in the first case and demonic in the second. The latter, the terrible

Compare and Contrast: Hunger Games

Dystopian literature is when the world is focused on making the perfect world. They often have a small percent of people making the perfect race or often known as the â€Å"favorites†, and the rest of the population, often a majority of people, are left to survive by themselves, on the bottom of the barrel.In The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins and the movie Gattaca are both dystopian media. In tough times both the rich and poor come together to fight through what the government set out to say wouldn’t happen, in both medias. In both dystopian medias Hunger Games and Gattaca want a perfect world. They are both similar; both types of governments want to disclude the non-perfect race.People from Panam and Gattaca are nice, for example Cinna in Hunger Games and The Doctor in Gattaca; therefore, The Hunger Games and Gattaca are similar dystopian medias. In both the Hunger Games and Gattaca in tough times the rich and poor come together to help each other.In the Hunger Games Katniss made friends with Cinna from the capitol. This happened because she seen the shape that Katniss was in when she got to the training center. I think Cinna really did care and didn’t want to just boost Katniss’s confidence. I think Katniss seen how rough it was in district twelve and thought she could help Katniss.Cinna over passed the fact that she was from the capitol, to go out of her way to make sure Katniss was to the best of her health entering the games. I think Cinna helped to comfort Katniss by doing â€Å"GIRLY† things to her by doing her hair hanging out, to help Katniss take her mind off dying or back home.This was similar to Gattaca because when Vince had the lifelong goal to get to space. The Doctor help him pass him fake I.D. Then Jerome who got injured out of the country let him take his I.D. to help him get there even though his heart wasn’t capable of going to Gattaca. Therefore, I Think the Doctor and Jerome seen that Vince could go but had to get passed the government who wouldn’t let the non-perfect people through.This is why in tough times know matter where you come from, rich or poor, people come together to help one another. In The Hunger Games and Gattaca the governments are to make the perfect world. The governments are out to disclude people. The government in Gattaca doesn’t treat everyone equal. If you have any little disease or personality that differs you from the rest of the population. Like Jerome he has a heart defect he has to change his identity to accomplish, his lifelong goal, of going to space. The Doctor help Jerome get through the government to get  into space.The Doctor does this because; he himself has a child with a defect as well. In the Hunger Games the government chooses two tributes to compete in the Hunger Games. They pick two from every district and never any from the capitol.The people in the capitol are rich. And some districts are better off than other distr icts. Like for example district 12 is very poor and they starve to supply the capitol with coal. And the capitol that are rich, fed, heat, and are healthy do nothing. The people in the capitol are usually born perfect and get to live there. But the people in the districts get treated like dirt by the capitol. They fend for their life with no food and little heat and electricity.Therefore this is why both dystopian literatures are very similar. Another similarity is that in both dystopian stories people in the capitol or Gattaca come together with people in poorer areas. Like districts in Hunger Games and the defected births in Gattaca.They see that even though they are different they can still accomplish what the perfect people can. Like in Gattaca when Vince gets help from the guy that got injured but no one knows where he went so Jerome helped Vince to take his identity. He did this because he seen that Vince was just as intelligent as him. And he was already over the limit of whe n he was going to die. After he got his identity changed from a â€Å"defect† to a perfect person he got Jeromes DNA.Then he went through to Gattaca and a The Dcotor let him through. The doctor let Vince whom was now disguised as Jerome through. He did this because the Doctor also had a child with a heart defect. And the Doctor wanted to use this as an example that you can do anything in life even if you are different. In the Hunger Games it is the same too when Cinna from the capitol makes friends with Katniss and gives her a sense of comfort. Cinna does this to take katniss’s mind of the games and from being away from home.Cinna comforts Katniss by doing girly things like doing her hair and hanging out. This is another example in how the understanding nice people come together even though people are different. This is another example on how the people come together when they see even if they are different, they can do what anyone can.

9 LinkedIn Marketing Tips for Small Businesses

9 LinkedIn Marketing Tips for Small Businesses On July 10, 2014, Social Media Examiner quoted me in their compilation article 9 LinkedIn Marketing Tips From the Pros. Since I often receive questions about how companies can use LinkedIn for their marketing efforts, I thought it would be valuable to share this post with you. If you are a job seeker, all but the first of these tips apply to you! Here’s what you’ll learn about strategies to boost your LinkedIn marketing: Use LinkedIn Sponsored Updates to build credibility and exposure. Use LinkedIn’s analytics to make sure you’re getting sufficient value from your investment. (I have not used this feature but it might be the right strategy for some businesses.) Add Rich Visual Content to Your LinkedIn Profile to spice up its look and feel! Implement Influence Networking (Build real, personalized, ongoing relationships) to stand out from your competitors. Offer Value in Discussion Groups (Provide quality content to prospective buyers) to establish thought leadership and trust. Optimize Your Personal Profile (How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile is a great start for this!) Tag Your Connections in Posts using the @ symbol followed by the person’s name. Focus on Small, Local Discussion Groups to make the biggest impact with your discussion participation (this was my contribution to the article!) Develop Relationships Instead of Adding Connections, through both your personal and company pages. Don’t Treat LinkedIn Like an Online Version of Your Resume – instead, be creative with your presentation of what you can do for your customers. Sell yourself based on the problems you can solve. (If you are a job seeker, you might be thinking you need to have an online version of your resume. But you can take a creative approach rather than create a carbon copy on LinkedIn. Consider what will sell you the best to a prospective employer and write your profile that way!) For expanded information on each one of these points, check out the full article at 9 LinkedIn Marketing Tips From the Pros. And if you’re a small business looking for ongoing LinkedIn marketing support, please contact us at teesupport@theessayexpert.com. We have experts we can refer you to!

Berly Markham essays

Berly Markham essays Beryl Markham lead a remarkable life; from the warm and wild farm in Njoro to the wide open skies over Nairobi, Beru, as most natives said her name of Laweit as Arab Maina called her established grand relationships with not only many of the people she came in contact with, but she also have some special bonds with many of the animals she encountered in her life. Although many of the students complained that some of her characters were one dimensional, her chapters lacked focus or even that she didnt dig deep enough into her personal life. I personally the Beryl Markham was an eccentric in her own rite and wrote about people, places and things that influenced her life the most. Besides that you have to give her praises, for such a unique style of writing. To begin to understand that Markhams childhood was not an ordinary one. Spent most of her youth growing up on a farm in Africa by her father. He father whom she loved dearly, was a very talented horse breeder who instilled the love of horses in Markham. When most girls Beryls age were playing with dolls and drinking tea, Beryl was learning to speak African languages and hunting with the Murani tribe who were in a sense much like Beryls family. Beryls father was away doing business much during the day Beryl the Muranis were much her keeper during the day. I think that her father was the first influential person that we come across in West with the Night Beryls mother left who left with Beryls brother Richard to return to England was really not a part of her life. Beryl looked up to her father, she admired his hard work and honesty and incorporated his words or wisdom in truth in her own life. She recalls the stories her father would tells her when she was younger. She says He would tell me old legends about Mount Kenya or about the Mengai Crater...I would ride alongside and ask endless questions (Markham 58). To think that...

What is History exercise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

What is History exercise - Essay Example Five thousand years ago there may be many gaps in the historical record, fifty years ago there may be so much information that it is virtually impossible for a single historian to digest the material. Physical evidence from the past may provide firm evidence for what "really happened". Thus an archaeological dig of a battlefield may reveal a wealth of information about the type ammunition used, the number of dead and even the type of food that the armies were eating. However, even with a wealth of physical evidence, the historian's task is to place it in context. Thus, what does the type of food that was eaten by an army mean to the overall reality of what was occurring at a time Another difficulty with discovering "what really happened" is that the historian needs to decide from whose viewpoint are the occurrences being seen. The traditional, "great man" view of history, which tells of the happenings that occurred to Kings, Queens, Emperors, Presidents, Prime Ministers . . . . that is very different from a history of the ordinary or poor people. The latter may be virtually unaware of what is happening at the national level, while the former may ignore the plight of most of the people that they rule. So "what really happened" depends upon the point of view being taken. "Happening" is a multiple occurrence and has multiple dimensions according to the different groups and individuals being considered. In more recent history, the historian faces the challenge of having perhaps too much information. For example, a historian studying the assassination of President John F Kennedy will find hundreds of thousands of documents at his disposal. Indeed, a historian could go through a lifetime reading all the documentation and never come to an end. Thus, rather than trying to piece together the past from scattered and incomplete knowledge, the historian needs to select from among that knowledge. A degree of selection may also lead to a degree of bias as the historian is almost bound to choose those documents and sources that are of most interest to him or which support a preconceived notion regarding an event. 2. To what extent can a historian be objective A historian should at least try to be as objective as possible, but absolute objectivity is impossible. Thus the first task is to not 'judge" the historical period or figure being considered by the standards of your own time. Considering a figure such as Henry VIII through the eyes of the ethics and standards of the Twenty-First Century is both futile and debilitating to the historical process. A King (or an ordinary man) should be considered within the context of his time in order to understand what, how and why things occurred. In recent years the so called "new history" has often tried to re-interpret historical events according to the standards of today. Thus Feminist history seeks to explore the subjugation and oppression of women, gay history does the same for gay people etc. While a lot of fascinating scholarship appears within these genres of history, the actual sense of the place and time being considered often becomes lost within the ideological vigor of the historian. Such historians often seem to pride themselves on the fact that they are not being objective. To be fair, those proponents of new history would suggest that traditional historians are just as un-objective through their uncritical analysis of patriarchal, sexist, homophobic societies. The new historians claim that not to